Carbon Nano Fiber(Carbon powder, Carbon Liquid)

· MDCNF（CNF powder）　

MDCNF(CNF powder)=Shape/Diameter(nm)/Length(um)/Resistance value/specific surface area 

MDCNF-D(CNF Liquid)=Product name/CNF Water/CNF EtOH/CNF NMP//Distributed solvent=giving commandments/Ethanol commandments/N-methyl Pyrolidon

 ▶ Example of an application of Carbon Nano Fiber

  Come out conductivity by adding small amount (1 wt%~).

○ Gramax-S Introduction

- Gramax vs Gramax S

Typical physical Properties

[Initial Charge and Discharge Profile]

○ Gramax α – HP type anode materials

* Characteristics        

- Materials derived from coke
- A kind of soft carbon

* Used as an positive active material on the LIB
- C/D propels compatible with hard carbon
- In a third-party assessment, most characteristics appear to be better than hard carbon.
- A reasonable price range

[Compare to Gramax(Standard)]

[Gramax α Concept ]

▪ Improved charging characteristics (rapid charging possible)

▪ Lower cost than HC

▪ Materials particularly suitable for HEVs

[Charging and Isolation Profile]

[Evaluation ability (Charging)]

* Gramax α can be charged even at higher speeds.

[Evaluation ability (Discharging)]

* Gramax α still represents good discharge characteristics.

[PC Rsistance]

- C-D Profile of Gramax α2

* Gramax α shows excellent resistance to PC solvents.

▶ Full Cell Data with Gramax α

[Cell Configuration 1]

* Electrode Configuration

- Positive Electrode

          LNCM : Conductivity : Binder = 92 : 4 : 4

- Negative Electrode

          Gramax α: Active Material : Binder = 95.0: 5.0

          HC： Active Material : Conductivity : Binder = 94.5 : 0.5 : 5.0

* Cell balance

- Gramax α

- HC

[Cell Configuration 2]

* Other Cell Specifications

・Positive : Carbon Black + Graphite

・Binder Positive: PVdF

・Neurotransmitter : Carbon Black

・Neurotransmission binder : PVｄF

・Current collector : +: Al (t=15um), -: Cu(t=10um)

・Separator : polyolefin-type (25um)

・Electrolytic matter : 1mol/l, LiPF6 EC:EMC(3:7)

・Cell form : Al Laminated Cell

・Electrode area :   +：18.0cm2, -: 19.8cm2

・Cell size： 90mm × 55mm

* Evaluation item

· Initial characteristics

· Flow capability

· Charging speed performance

· Low temperature characteristics (discharge)
· DC-R in various SOCs(discharge)

· Plot charging characteristics

· 1C1CC3D cycle

[Charge/Discharge Profile (Initial, Current Status)]

- This comparison is not suitable for HC because the cell design is two different.

[Charge/Discharge Profile (Initial, post-compensation)]

- Even after the cell thickness has been calibrated, the cell capacity of Gramax a is slightly greater than the HC.

[Discharge Proportion capability]

- Gramaxα appears to be superior to HC up to 7CA emissions.

In 10CA discharge, thicker electrodes and/or conductive materials for 

Gramaxα may not have been affected.

[DC-IR at various SOC (Discharge)]

- In contrast to high-speed discharge, Gramaxα represents DC-j lower than HC, despite its disadvantages to electrode thickness.

[Cycle characteristics]

- Capacity retention after 200 cycles (1C/1C) is 95% for Gramax.

92% for HC.

A further cycle test has been initiated.

(3C/3C to 400 Cycles and 5C/5C to 600 Cycles).

[High temperature storage]

- After 20 days, capacity retention rates are 85%; 89% for Gramax α; 78% for HC; and 82%.

[Summary (temporary)]

· Even after the cell thickness correction, Gramax α appears to be better or at least has compatible properties compared to HC.

· Gramax-0E, a capacity holding capacity of 10CA and/or -20°C, may be improved when using conductive additives or adopting other cell designs.

· Gramax α may be substituted for HC.

○ OMAC-R

[Concept]

• Nature graphite surface treatment

• Nearly the same physical and electrical chemistry as the previous OMAC

• Religible price range

* Process of OMAC and OMAC-R

[Physical Properties of OMAC-R] 

※ Preliminary specification for OMAC12

[PSD profile of OMAC12 and OMAC-R ]

[Characteristics of C3D in OMACR-R Initial]

※ General value of OMAC12

[1st C/D profile of OMAC-R]

[Charging characteristics of OMAC-R (Half Cell)]

[Discharging characteristics of OMAC-R(Half Cell)]

* SEM image of OMAC-R

○ n-CF

[Concept]

• Physical size between V/G/P/P and O/CCF (diameter: less than 4mm)

• Utilize high-quality peer pitch, rotational and stabilization techniques.

* SEM Image (Before milling process)

[Physical property compared with other conductive materials]

[First effective C/D]

[Rapid separation]